Answers to the ‘Drill’ and ‘Exercise’ questions of Unit 3 of Greek: An Intensive Course by Hansen and Quinn. If you spot an error then please leave a comment below.

Note that the correct use of “may” and “might” is important in these answers. If the verb is a subjunctive the author wants you to translate it as “may”, but if it is an optative then you are to translate it as “might”.

Also, remember that the tense of a subjunctive or an optative (as well as an infinitive) does not indicate the actual time (e.g. the past) but only the aspect. The present tense shows progressive or repeated aspect (e.g. “that you may be educating”), while the aorist tense shows simple aspect (e.g. “that you may educate”), and the perfect tense shows completed aspect (e.g. “to have educated”).

Answers to ‘Drill’ Questions

Section I

1. We have sent. Perfect indicative. Singular form is πέπομφα.
2. They had sent. Pluperfect indicative. Singular form is ἐπεπόμφει(ν).
3. You were sending. Imperfect indicative. Plural form is ἐπέμπετε.
4. He has sent. Perfect indicative. Plural form is πεπόμφασι(ν).
5. I sent. Aorist indicative. Plural form is ἐπέμψαμεν.
6. He had sent. Pluperfect indicative. Plural form is ἐπεπέμφεσαν.
7. To have sent. Perfect infinitive.
8. He will send. Future indicative. Plural form is πέμψουσι(ν).
9. He may be sending. Present subjunctive. Plural form is πέμπωσι(ν).
10. You may send. Aorist subjunctive. Plural form is πέμψητε.
11. You will send. Future indicative. Plural form is πέμψετε.
12. We may be sending. Present subjunctive. Singular form is πέμπω.
13. They will send. Future indicative. Singular form is πέμψει.
14. They may be sending. Present subjunctive. Singular form is πεμπῃ.
15. (a) I shall send. Future indicative. Plural form is πέμψομεν; and (b) I may send. Aorist subjunctive. Plural form is πέμψωμεν.
16. I might be sending. Present optative. Plural form is πέμποιμεν.
17. He might send. Aorist optative. Plural form is πέμψειαν.
18. (a) To send. Aorist infinitive; and (b) He might send. Aorist optative. Plural form is πέμψαιεν.
19. They might be sending. Present optative. Singular form is πέμποι.
20. To be sending. Present infinitive.
21. I had sent. Pluperfect indicative. Plural form is ἐπεπόμφεμεν.

Section II

1. You send gold in order that we may be sending books. [present subjunctive active]
2. You send gold in order that we may send books. [aorist subjunctive active]
3. You will send gold in order that we may send books. [aorist subjunctive active]
4. You sent gold in order that we might send books. [aorist optative active]
5. You have released the brothers in order that he may send gifts. [aorist subjunctive active]
6. You had released the brothers in order that he might send gifts. [aorist optative active]
7. You were releasing the brothers in order that he might send gifts. [aorist optative active]
8. He was educating the brothers in order that you might send gold. [aorist optative active]
9. He educated the brothers in order that you might send gold. [aorist optative active]
10. In order that you may be sending gold, he educates the brothers. [present subjunctive active]
11. We will not send gold in order that he may not send animals. [aorist subjunctive active]
12. We were not sending gold in order that they might not be sending animals. [present optative active]

Answers to ‘Exercise’ Questions

Section I

1. The people on the roads will sacrifice to the gods in order that they may stop the war.
2. The people are sacrificing to the goddesses in order that they may stop the war.
3. The strangers from the marketplace sent messengers in order that they might destroy the peace.
4. I was sending messengers around the island in order that you [plural] might not be destroying the peace.
5. They have sent gifts in order that we may free Homer.
6. In fact [or "of course"], you [plural] are commanding Homer to write a book about the war in order that you may teach the brothers well. For they will guard the country.
7. He sent gold to the assembly and the council in order that they might not dissolve the friendship.
8. On the one hand, the gods did not guard Homer’s eyes; on the other hand, they have guarded well the books concerning the virtue of the men.
9. On the one hand, by a word they had destroyed the peace; on the other hand, by a deed, they had not.
10. Will you write five books concerning the sacrifices to the gods in order that we may send gifts to the gods?
11. Through the will of the gods we had stopped the war, but we did not send crowns to the marketplace.
12. Since we guarded the messengers, who were from the strangers, they did not destroy the democracy.
13. Has Homer educated the brothers with the skill concerning words in order that they may guard well virtue in battles?
14. Through virtue we had sent crowns, prizes of victory, to the friends.
15. Since we did not sacrifice to the god before the war, now, even in the island and in the marketplace, we have sacrificed in order that we may send virtue into souls.
16. The people sent even the stranger out of the country into the island in order that he might not destroy the peace. For he had written six books concerning war.
17. O Homer, on the one hand, you send a book instead of gold to the brother; on the other hand, to the god, a crown instead of an animal.
18. You were sacrificing to the gods in order that they might teach the strangers, in the island, concerning virtue.
19. He commanded the brothers to stop the war before their victory.
20. The strangers will send gifts either to the council or to the assembly in order that they may not destroy the friendship.
21. The books of Homer have taught the strangers.
22. From the marketplace.
    At the side of the brother of Homer.
    Through the house.
    Beside Homer.
    Through the island.
    To have sacrificed.
    To have stopped.

Section II

1. λελύκαμεν τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς ἵνα μη λύσῃς τὴν εἰρηνην.
   [Note that the present subjunctive λύῃς could be used instead of the aorist subjunctive, but I think the simple aspect of the aorist makes more sense here than the repeated/progressive aspect of the present. Also note that I translated "you" as 2nd-person singular instead of 2nd-person plural (λύητε/λύσητε), though this fine too considering the question is ambiguous in this regard]
2. ἀλλὰ ἐπεπόμφης ἆθλα τῷ Ὁμέρῳ ἵνα παιδεύοι τὸν ἀδελφόν.
   [Note that the aorist optative παιδεύσαι could be used instead of the present optative, but I prefer the progressive/repeated aspect of the latter]
3. ἐγεγράφειν βιβλίον περὶ εἰρήνης ἳνα  παύσαιμεν πολέμους.
   [Note that the present optative παύσοιμεν could be used instead of the aorist optative, but I prefer the simple aspect of the latter]

Also, for each of these three answers ὡς or ὅπως can be used instead of ἵνα.

Answers to the ‘Drill’ and ‘Exercise’ questions of Unit 2 of Greek: An Intensive Course by Hansen and Quinn. If you spot an error then please leave a comment below.

Answers to ‘Drill’ Questions

Section I

1. Past Time + Progressive/Repeated Aspect = Imperfect Tense
2. Future Time + Simple Aspect = Future Tense
3. Past Time + Simple Aspect = Aorist Tense
4. Present Time + Completed Aspect = Perfect Tense
5. Past Time + Progressive/Repeated Aspect = Imperfect Tense
6. Present Time + Progressive/Repeated Aspect = Present Tense
7. Future Time + Progressive/Repeated Aspect = Future Tense
8. Past Time + Completed Aspect = Pluperfect Tense
9. Future Time + Simple Aspect = Future Tense
10. Present Time + Progressive/Repeated Aspect = Present Tense

Section II

1. παιδεύσεις (second person singular, “you will educate”; tense stem is παιδευσ- which denotes future tense; plural form is παιδεύσετε).
2. ἐπαίδευσας (second person singular, “you educated”; tense stem is ἐπαιδευσ- which denotes aorist tense; plural form is ἐπαιδεύσατε).
3. παιδεύεις (second person singular, “you are educating” or “you educate”; tense stem is παιδευ- which denotes present tense; plural form is παιδεύετε).
4. ἔλυον (can be either first person singular or third person plural, “I was releasing” and “they were releasing”; tense stem in both cases is ἐλυ- which denotes imperfect tense; plural form of first person singular is ἐλυομεν, and singular form the third person plural is ἐλυεν with the ν being removable).
5. πέμψομεν (first person plural, “we shall send”; tense stem is πέμψ- which denotes future tense; singular form is πεμψω).
6. ἔπεμψαν (third person plural, “they educated”; tense stem is ἐπεμψ- which denotes aorist tense; singular for is ἔπεμψα).
7. λύει (third person singular, “it is releasing”; tense stem is λυ- which denotes present tense; plural form is λύουσιν).
8. πέμψουσιν (third person plural, “they will send” or “they will be sending”; tense stem is πεμψ- which denotes future tense; singular form is πέμψει).
9. πέμπουσιν (third person plural, “they are sending” or “they send”; tense stem is πεμπ- which denotes present tense; singular form is πέμπει).
10. ἔλυεν (third person singular, “it was releasing”; tense stem is ελυ- which denotes imperfect tense; plural form is ἔλυον).
11. ἐπαίδευον (can be either first person singular or third person plural, “I was educating” and “they were educating”; tense stem in both cases is ἐπαιδευ- which denotes imperfect tense; plural form of first person singular is ἐπαιδεύομεν, and singular form of third person plural is ἐπαιδευεν with the ν being removable).
12. πέμπομεν (first person plural, “we are sending” or “we send”; stem tense is πεμπ- which denotes present tense; plural form is πέμπω).
13. ἔπεμψεν (third person singular, “it sent”; tense stem is ἐπεμψ- which denotes aorist tense; plural form is ἔπεμψαν).
14. ἔπεμπεν (third person singular, “it was sending”; tense stem is ἐπεμπ- which denotes imperfect tense; plural form is ἐπέμπεον).
15. ἔπεμπον (can be either first person singular or third person plural, “I was sending” and “they were sending”; tense stem is ἐπεμπ- which denotes imperfect tense; plural form of first person singular is ἐπέμπομεν, and singular form of third person plural is ἔπεμπεν with the ν being removable).
16. παιδεύσω (first person singular, “I shall educate”; tense stem is παιδευσ- which denotes future tense; plural form is παιδέσομεν).
17. ἐπαιδεύσαμεν (first person plural, “we educated”; tense stem is ἐπαιδευσ- which denotes aorist tense; singular form is ἐπαίδεσα).
18. παιδεύετε (second person plural, “you are educating” or “you educate”; tense stem is παιδευ- which denotes present tense; singular form is παιδεύεις).
19. ἐπαιδεύετε (second person plural, “you were educating”; tense stem is ἐπαιδευ- which denotes imperfect tense; singular form is ἐπαίδευς).
20. παιδεύσετε (second person plural, “you will educate” or “you will be educating”; tense stem is παιδευσ- which denotes future tense; singular form is παιδεύσεις).
21. ἐπαιδεύσατε (second person plural, “you educated”; tense stem is ἐπαιδευσ- which denotes aorist tense; singular form is ἐπαίδευσας).
22. λύσομεν (first person plural, “we shall release”; tense stem is λυσ- which denotes future tense; singular form is λύσω).
23. ἐλύσαμεν (first person plural, “we released”; tense stem is ἐλυσ- which denotes aorist tense; singular form is ἔλυσα).
24. λύομεν (first person plural, “we are releasing” or “we release”; tense stem is λυ- which denotes present tense; singular form is λύω).
25. ἐλύομεν (first person plural, “we were releasing”; tense stem is ἐλυ- which denotes imperfect tense; singular form is ἔλυον).
26. οὐ πέμψεις (second person singular, “you will not send”; tense stem is πεμψ- which denotes future tense; singular form is οὐ πέμψετε).
27. οὐκ ἔπεμψας (second person singular, “you have not educated”; tense stem is ἐπεμψ- which denotes aorist tense; singular form is οὐκ ἐπέμψατε).
28. οὐκ ἔπεμπες (second person singular, “you were not sending”; tense stem is ἐπεμπ- which denotes imperfect tense; plural form is οὐκ ἐπέμπετε).
29. παιδεύουσι (third person plural, “they are educating”; tense stem is παιδευ- which denotes present tense; singular form is παιδεύει).
30. παιδεύσουσιν (third person plural, “they are educating”; tense stem is παιδευσ- which denotes present tense; singular form is παιδεύσει).
31. λύσει (third person singular, “it will release” or “it will be releasing”; tense stem is λυσ- which denotes future tense; plural form is λυσουσιν).
32. ἔπεμπες (second person singular, “you were sending”; tense stem is ἐπεμπ- which denotes imperfect tense; plural form is ἐπέμπετε).
33. λύουσιν (third person plural, “they were releasing”; tense stem is λυ- which denotes present tense; singular form is λύει).
34. ἐλύσατε (second person plural, “you released”; tense stem is ἐλυσ- which denotes aorist tense; singular form is ἔλυσας).
35. λύεις (second person singular, “you are releasing” or “you release”; tense stem is λυ- which denotes present tense; plural form is λύετε).
36. ἔλυες (second person singular, “you were releasing”; tense stem is ἐλυ- which denotes imperfect tense; plural form is ἐλύετε).

Section III

1. Verb = ἐπαίδευες (imperfect tense; indicative mood; active voice; 2nd person singular).
   Translation = “O Homer, you were educating the men” (or “you used to educate”).
2. Verb = πέμψω (future tense; indicative mood; active voice; 1st person singular).
   Translation = “I shall send Homer into the marketplace” (or “shall be sending”).
3. Verb = ἐπέμψατε (aorist tense; indicative mood; active voice; 2nd person plural).
   Translation = “You sent the brother onto the island”.
4. Verb = ἐπαίδευσαν (aorist tense; indicative mood; active voice; 3rd person plural).
   Translation = “The gods educated Homer by their words”.
5. Verb = λύσομεν (future tense; indicative mood; active voice; 1st person plural).
   Translation = “We shall release the brother”.
6. Verb = ἐλύομεν (imperfect tense; indicative mood; active voice; 1st person plural).
   Translation = “We were releasing the men in the house”.
7. Verb = παιδεύει (present tense; indicative mood; active voice; 3rd person singular).
   Translation = “He educates the brother of Homer” (or “is educating”).
8. Verb = ἐπαίδευεν (imperfect tense; indicative mood; active voice; 3rd person singular).
   Translation = “Homer was educating the brother” (or “used to educate”).
9. Verb = παιδεύει (present tense; indicative mood; active voice; 3rd person singular).
   Translation = “The deeds of the gods educate the men”.
10. Verb = ἔπεμπεν (imperfect tense; indicative mood; active voice; 3rd person singular).
    Translation = “The goddess was sending her words into the soul of Homer” (or “used to send”).
11. Verb = λύσουσιν (future tense; indicative mood; active voice; 3rd person plural).
    Translation = “The gods will release the men on the island”.
12. Verb = ἐπαίδευον (imperfect tense; indicative mood; active voice; 1st person singular or 3rd person plural).
    Translation = “I was educating the brother by means of skill” (or “used to educate”)
    Translation = “They were educating the brother by means of skill” (or “used to educate”).
13. Verbs = λύειν (present infinitive active), and ε̉κέλευσεν (aorist tense; indicative mood; active voice; 3rd person singular).
    Translation = “The god commanded Homer to release the men” (note that the present tense in the infinitive does not indicate time, but a progressive/repeated aspect).
14. Verbs = λῦσαι (aorist infinitive active) and ε̉κέλευσεν (aorist tense; indicative mood; active voice; 3rd person singular).
    Translation = “The god commanded Homer to release the men” (the aorist infinitive active indicates simple aspect).
15. Verb = έπεμπες (imperfect tense; indicative mood; active voice; 2nd person singular).
    Translation = “You were sending the brother into the marketplace” (or “you used to send”).
16. Verb = ἐπαίδευε (imperfect tense; indicative mood; active voice; 3rd person singular).
    Translation = “The books of Homer were educating the men” (“used to educate”).
17. Verb = λύομεν (present tense; indicative mood; active voice; 1st person plural).
    Translation = “We are releasing the brothers” (or “we release”).
18. Verb = ἐπαίδευσας (aorist tense; indicative mood; active voice; 2nd person singular).
    Translation = “You educated the brother by word and deed”.
19. Verb = πέμπψουσιν (future tense; indicative mood; active voice; 3rd person plural).
    Translation = “They will send the brother out of the land” (“will be sending”).
20. Verbs = ἐκελεύομεν (imperfect tense; indicative mood; active voice; 1st person plural), and πέμψαι (aorist active infinitive).
    Translation = “We were commanding Homer to send the book onto the island” (or “used to command”).

Answers to ‘Exercise’ Questions

Section I

1. The gods were sending gifts into the land.
2. Homer sent five books to the foreigners/strangers.
3. Before the wars, the men on the island shall send six messengers to the friends.
4. Will you destroy even the friendship of the goddess? [notice I translated the και as "even"].
5. We were dissolving the wars by either words or deeds.
6. You taught the friends at Homer’s place the skill of words.
7. On the one hand, we will send crowns to the strangers; to the friends, on the other hand, books.
8. Did the strangers not release the friend in the house?
9. By deed, not word, I was freeing the friends [the verb can also legitimately be translated as "they were freeing"].
10. Before the battle, you commanded the friends to send gifts/bribes to the god out of the house onto the island.
11. Stranger, will you not release the friend in the house?
12. The books from the strangers taught the men in the marketplace – the friends of Homer.
13. The six brothers were sending a crown of gold out of the land to Homer and the brother of Homer.
14. On the one hand, Homer will teach the friends in the house well by words; the brothers, on the other hand, by deeds.
15. We sent the messenger from the strangers away from the marketplace onto the island. For we were ordering the men on the island to dissolve the war.
16. Brother, are you sending the animals to the marketplace or not?
17. Even now Homer teaches the souls of strangers. For the gods were teaching Homer the skill.
18. On the one hand, the gods will order Homer to send gold to the friends; on the other, crowns to the strangers in the country.
19. The deeds of the gods in the country teach the men well.
20. Will you send the brothers into battle?
21. You were ordering Homer to send books to the islands. For you were teaching the men on the islands.
22. On the one hand, the gods are dissolving wars; on the other hand, the men are sending brothers into battle.
23. The goddess will order the men in the country to send gold or a crown to the friends.

Section II

1. ἔπεμπες δῶρα ἐκ τη̃ς ἀγορα̃ς τοι̃ς θεοι̃ς νήσου.
   [also fine is παρὰ τοὺς θεοὺς]
2. ἆρα ἐκελεύσατε τὸν Ὅμηρον λυ̃σαι τοὺς πέντε ἀνθρώπους ἐν τῇ οι̉κίᾳ  ἢ οὔ;
3. παιδεύσουσιν τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς λόγοις καὶ ἔργοις.
4. ἡ θεὸς νῦν κελεύει τοὺς ἓξ ἀδελφοὺς πέμπειν χρυσὸν τοι̃ς φίλοις ἐν τῇ νήσῳ.
   [one could substitute πέμψαι for πέμπειν]
   [also fine is παρὰ τοὺς φίλους]
5. τὰ δῶρα τῶν ἀδελφῶν ἔλυσεν τοὺς ἓξ ἀνθρώπους.

Answers to the ‘Drill’ and ‘Exercise’ questions of Unit 1 of Greek: An Intensive Course by Hansen and Quinn. If you spot an error then please leave a comment below.

Answers to ‘Drill’ Questions

Section I

1. τέχναι – feminine; nominative plural or vocative plural, “arts” or “skills” (as subject or predicative nominative). Singulars for both are τέχνη.
2. ψυχήν – feminine, accusative, singular, “soul” (as a direct object). Plural is ψυχάς.
3. τεχνῶν – feminine, genitive, plural, “(of/from) arts”. Singular is τέχνης.
4. ἀγοράς – feminine?, accusative, plural, “marketplace” (as a direct object). Singular is ἀγοράν.
5. ἀγορᾶς – feminine, genitive, singular, “(of/from a) marketplace”. Plural is ἀγορῷν.
6. ψυχαῖς – feminine, dative, plural, “[by/with/to/for] souls”. Singular is ψυχῇ.
7. τέχνῃ – feminine, dative, singular, “[by/with/to/for] arts”. Plural is τέχναις.
8. χώρα – feminine, nominative singular or vocative singular, “land” or “country” (as subject or predicate nominative). Plurals for both are χῶραι.
9. ἀγορᾷ – feminine, dative, singular, “[by/with/to/for] (the) marketplace”. Plural is ἀγοραῖς.
10. τέχνας – feminine, accusative, plural, “crafts” (as a direct object). Singular is τέχνην.
11. λόγων – masculine, genitive, plural, “(of/from) words”. Singular is λόγου.
12. ἀνθρώποις – masculine, dative, plural, “”[by/with/to/for] men”. Singular is ἀνθρώπῳ.
13. ἄνθρωπον – masculine, accusative, singular, “man” (as a direct object). Plural is ἀνθρώπους.
14. λόγῳ – masculine, dative, singular, “[by/with/to/for] (the) word”. Plural is λόγοις.
15. ἔργα – neuter, nominative plural and vocative plural (“works” as subject or predicative nominative), or accusative plural (“works” as a direct object). Singular forms are all ἔργον.
16. ἀδελφοῦ – masculine, genitive, singular, “(of/from a) brother”. Plural is ἀδελφῶν.
17. λόγον – masculine, accusative, singular, “word” (as a direct object). Plural is λόγοις.
18. δῶρον – neuter, nominative singular or vocative singular (“work” as subject or predicative nominative), or accusative singular (“work” as a direct object). Plurals are all δῶρα.
19. ἀδελφοί – masculine, nominative, plural, “brothers” (as subject or predicate nominative). Singular is ἀδελφός.
20. ἔργων – neuter, genitive, plural, “(of/from) works”. Singular is ἔργου.
21. χώρας – feminine, genitive singular (“of/from a country”), or accusative plural (“countries” as a direct object). Plural genitive is χωρῶν and singular accusative is χώραν.
22. δώροις – neuter, dative, plural, “[by/with/to/for] gifts”. Singular is δώρῳ.
23. ἄνθρωπε – masculine, vocative, singular, “O man”. Plural is ἄνθρωποι.
24. ἀδελφοῖς – masculine, dative, plural, “[by/with/to/for] brothers”. Singular is ἀδελφῷ.
25. δῶρα – neuter, nominative or vocative plural (“gifts” as a subject or predicative nominative), or accusative plural (“gifts” as a direct object). All singulars are δῶρον.

Section II

1. Ὁμήρῳ, Ὅμηρον.
2. θεῷ, θεοί.
3. νήσῳ, νῆσοι.
4. βιβλίων, βιβλία.
5. τεχνῶν, τέχναις.
6. χῶραι, χωρῶν.
7. ἀγοραῖς, ἀγοράς, ἀγορᾶς.
8. ἀδελφῶν, ἀδελφούς.
9. δώρου, δῶρα.
10. ψυχαί, ψυχαῖς.

Section III

1. a) ἀδελφός, ἀδελφοῦ, ἀδελφῷ, ἀδελφόν, ἄδελφε; ἀδελφοί, ἀδελφῶν, ἀδελφοῖς, ἀδελφούς, ἀδελφοί.
   b) ἀδελφός, ἀδελφοί, nominative; ἀδελφοῦ, ἀδελφῶν, genitive; ἀδελφῷ, ἀδελφοῖς, dative; ἀδελφόν, ἀδελφούς, accusative; ἄδελφε, ἀδελφοί, vocative.
2. a) ψυχή, ψυχῆς, ψυχῇ, ψυχήν, ψυχή; ψυχαί, ψυχῶν, ψυχαῖς, ψυχάς, ψυχαί.
   b) ψυχή, ψυχαί, nominative; ψυχῆς, ψυχῶν, genitive; ψυχῇ, ψυχαῖς , dative; ψυχήν, ψυχάς, accusative; ψυχή, ψυχαί, vocative.
3. a) ἡ χώρα, τῆς χώρας, τῇ χώρᾳ, τὴν χώραν, ἡ χώρα; αἱ χῶραι, τῶν χωρῶν, ταῖς χώραις, τὰς χώρας, αἱ χώρα.
   b) χώρα, χῶραι, nominative; χώρας, χωρῶν, genitive; χώρᾳ, χώραις, dative; χώραν, χώρας, accusative; χώρα, χῶραι, vocative.
4. a) τὸ δῶρον, τοῦ δώρου, τῷ δώρῳ, τὸ δῶρον, τὸ δῶρον; τὰ δῶρα, τῶν δώρων, τοῖς δώροις, τὰ δῶρα, τὰ δῶρα.
   b) δῶρον, δῶρα, nominative; δώρου, δώρων, genitive; δώρῳ, δώροις, dative; δῶρον, δῶρα, accusative; δῶρον, δῶρα, vocative.
5. a) ἡ ὁδός, τῆς ὁδοῦ, τῇ ὁδῷ, τὴν ὁδόν, ἡ ὁδός; αἱ ὁδοί, τῶν ὁδῶν, ταῖς ὁδοῖς, τὰς ὁδούς, αἱ ὁδοί.
   b) ὁδός, ὁδοί, nominative; ὁδοῦ, ὁδῶν, genitive; ὁδῷ, ὁδοῖς, dative; ὁδόν, ὁδούς, accusative; ὁδέ, ὁδοί, vocative.

Section IV

1. The brothers.
2. On the island.
3. On [the] islands.
4. Arts.
5. To the marketplace.
6. Of the brothers.
7. The soul of the brother.
8. The soul of Homer.
9. By/with work.
10. The gifts of the brothers.
11. The gifts, the ones of the brothers.
12. The gifts to the brothers.
13. Gifts, to the brothers.
14. The gifts of the brothers, the ones for the men.
15. The gifts to the gods, the ones of the men.
16. The gifts for the brothers, the ones in the marketplace.
17. Homer teaches the brother.
    [the definite article could also be functioning as a possessive, i.e. "his brother"]
18. The brother sends the gifts to the islands.

Answers to ‘Exercise’ Questions

Section I

1. Homer teaches the man.
2. The brother of Homer teaches the man.
3. The man teaches Homer.
4. Homer teaches the men.
5. Homer teaches the men in the marketplace.
6. The brother of Homer teaches the men in the marketplace.
7. In the marketplaces, Homer teaches the souls of men by means of books.
8. The god sends a gift to the brother of Homer in the country.
9. O Homer, the goddess sends gifts to the men in the country.
10. The brother of the man sends the gifts of the gods out of the house onto the islands.
11. The man on the island sends the brothers into battle.
12. The brother of Homer sends a book from the marketplace onto the island.
13. The brother sends gifts, the books of Homer, into the houses of men.
14. The man teaches the brother by word and deed in the house.
15. The man teaches the brothers by both word and deed.
16. Brother, even in battle, god teaches the men – the brothers of Homer.
17. Gods, Homer teaches the men on the roads with his words.
18. Homer sends the gifts for the men to the road from the marketplace into the country.
19. Homer teaches even the brother by [means of] skill.
20. Homer teaches the brother in his skill by [means of] a book.
21. Homer teaches the brother the skill by [means of] books.
22. The god sends words into the souls of men.

Section II

1. ὁ θεὸς παιδεύει τοὺς ἀνθρώπους.
2. ὁ ἄνθρωπος πέμπει τὸν τοῦ Όμήρου ἀδελφὸν εἰς τὴν ἀγοράν.
3. Ἄνθρωπε, ὁ τοῦ Ὁμήρου ἀδελφὸς πέμπει τοῖς θεοῖς δῶρον ἐκ τῆς νήσου.
4. τοῖς λόγοις  ὁ Ὅμηρος παιδεύει τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς ἐν ταῖς νήσοις.